Aeronautics & Astronautics
Eli Livne

Professor

eli@aa.washington.edu
Office: 309A Guggenheim
Phone: (206) 543-6643

University of Washington
BOX 352400
Seattle, WA 98195-2400

 
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Courses
Associated Labs
Background

Professor Livne studied Aeronautical Engineering and Engineering Education at the Technion, Israel Institute of Technology (B.Sc., 1974, High School Teaching Credential, 1974, and M.Sc., 1982). From 1975 to 1984 he worked in the areas of Aeroelasticity, Aeroservoelasticity and Structural Dynamics. He received a Ph.D. degree in Aerospace Engineering from the University of California, Los Angeles, in 1990, and has been at the University of Washington since the beginning of 1991.

Professor Livne has received support from the National Science Foundation, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the US Air Force, and The Boeing Company. He holds a number of honors including the Josephine de Karman fellowship, 1987-88; UCLA School of Engineering and Applied Science Outstanding Ph.D. Student Award for 1989-90; appointed a National Young Investigator (1992-1997); and won the ASME/Boeing Structures & Materials Award for the best paper given at the 1997 AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 38th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference". Prof. Livne edited the Special Multidisciplinary Design Optimization Issue of the Journal of Aircraft, January-February 1999. He is currently an associate editor of the AIAA Journal.

Research Activities

The importance of control / structures/ aerodynamic interactions in state of the art actively controlled aircraft has been recognized for quite a while. Actually, most modern airplanes suffered at one point or another in their development from undesirable and even dangerous interaction problems. Yet, because of the complexity and large scale of the problem, and because of the way industry is typically compartmentalized into specialty groups, truly integrated efforts (in which controls, aerodynamics and structures are designed simultaneously) have been almost non-existent in industry, which still relies on sequential approaches. The main thrust of my research is still in the areas of aeroelasticity, aeroservoelasticity and integrated aeroservoelastic multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO). The emphasis is on integrated analysis and synthesis, in an effort to discover and understand the interactions among structures, aerodynamics and controls on optimized advanced aircraft, as well as on developing numerical techniques for the design optimization of such tightly coupled systems.

In the years 1986-93 research carried out at UCLA and later at the University of Washington led to the development of a unique integrated aeroservoelastic optimization capability for actively controlled composite wings, named LS-CLASS. This capability was, in turn, used in extensive numerical experiments designed to gain insight and experience with highly integrated aeroservoelastic design tradeoffs of fighter wings.

Focus of this work, then, shifted to the development of better modeling techniques in structures, controls and unsteady aerodynamics. Fast numerical techniques for aeroservoelastic analysis, analytic sensitivity analysis, as well as different approximation techniques were developed and evaluated during the years 1991-1996. Special efforts were devoted to the the wing planform shape problem, where a wing shape, together with shape and location of control surfaces, are optimized.

In the last three years, research and development work has been continuing in the shape optimization area (both in unsteady aerodynamics and structural buckling), and order reduction methods in Structural Dynamics and Aerodynamics. We continue working on the problem of aerodynamic model order reduction, and insights and preliminary results are promising.

A new research effort is now entering its fourth year with a large scale system's optimization goal: to apply the newly developed sensitivity and approximation techniques and associated optimization technology to complete real civil transport airplanes, and to study the impact of such optimization on actual design of next generation passenger airplanes. It is believed that the results of these studies will have the potential to affect both design practices and certification practices in the future.

In the last three years we have been building an integrated research-educational program in the area of airplane design as part of an effort to create in our department a center of excellence for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) system analysis and synthesis. Research / educational activity covers robust numerical methods for airplane design, as well as manufacturing, construction, and extensive structural, propulsion, controls and wind tunnel aerodynamic testing.

Together with ATS, Aeronautical Testing Services of Arlington, WA, we are working to develop a capability to quickly and inexpensively construct wind tunnel models of unique configurations and test them at UWAL (University of Washington Aeronautical Laboratory). An example: The Outer Horizontal Stabilizer (OHS) configuration designed and built this year (1998/1999) in the Airplane Capstone Design Course. With the small size and slow flight speeds of UAVs in the 30 to 100 lbs weight range we can test complete UAVs or large scaled models at real flight Reynolds numbers at UWAL's Kirsten wind tunnel.

Work is underway to develop modeling techniques and design tools for the synthesis of active structures controlled by strain actuators and electric / electromechanical actuators. Emphasis is on coupled design of systems with tight interdisciplinary interactions and tradeoffs. Applications include airplane wings, robot arms, flexible satellites, and miniature devices.

Funding Sources

Refereed Journal Publications
  1. Livne, E., Accurate Calculation of Control Augmented Structural Eigenvalue Sensitivities using Reduced Order Models, AIAA Journal, Vol. 27, No. 7, July 1989, pp 947-954.
  2. Livne, E., Schmit, L.A., and Friedmann, P.P., Towards an Integrated Approach to the Optimum Design of Actively Controlled Composite Wings, Journal of Aircraft special issue on Multidisciplinary Optimization of Aeronautical Systems, Vol. 27, No. 12, December 1990, pp. 979-992.
  3. Livne, E., Schmit, L.A., and Friedmann, P.P., Integrated Structure/Control/Aerodynamic Synthesis of Actively Controlled Composite Wings, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 30, No. 3, May-June 1993, pp. 387-394.
  4. Livne, E., Alternative Approximations for Integrated Control / Structure Aeroservoelastic Synthesis, AIAA Journal, Vol. 31, No. 6, June 1993, pp. 1100-1108.
  5. Livne, E., Equivalent Plate Structural Modeling for Wing Shape Optimization including Transverse Shear, AIAA Journal, Vol. 32, No. 6, pp. 1278-1288, June 1994
  6. Livne, E., Sels, R, and Bhatia, K., Lessons from Application of Equivalent Plate Structural Modeling to the HSCT Wing, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 953-960, July-August 1994.
  7. Livne, E., Analytical Sensitivities for Shape Optimization in Equivalent Plate Structural Wing Models, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 961-969, July-August 1994.
  8. Livne, E., Aeroservoelastic Poles: Their Analytic Sensitivity and Alternative Approximations in Wing Planform Shape Synthesis, in Aeroelasticity and Fluid / Structure Interaction Problems, ASME Press, 1994, P.P.Friedmann and J.C.I. Chang, editors, ISBN 0-7918-1453-X, pp. 99-123.
  9. McQuade, P.D., Eberhardt, S., and Livne, E., CFD-Based Aerodynamic Approximation Concepts Optimization of a Two-Dimensional Scramjet Vehicle, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 32, No. 2, March-April 1995, pp. 262-269.
  10. Livne, E., and Li, W-L., Aeroservoelastic Aspects of Wing / Control Surface Planform Shape Optimization, AIAA Journal, Vol. 33, No. 2, February 1995, pp. 302-311
  11. Livne, E., and Milosavljevic, R., Analytic Sensitivity and Approximation of Skin Buckling Constraints in Wing Shape Synthesis, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 32, No. 5, September-October 1995, pp. 1102-1113.
  12. Pak, C., Friedmann, P.P., and Livne, E., Transonic Adaptive Flutter Suppression Using Approximate Unsteady Time Domain Aerodynamics, Journal of Vibration and Control 1:363-388, 1995.
  13. Li, W-L., and Livne, E., Analytic Sensitivities and Approximations in Supersonic and Subsonic Wing / Control Surface Unsteady Aerodynamics,Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 34, No. 3, pp. 370-379, May-June 1997.
  14. Langelaan, J., and Livne, E., Design Oriented Structural Analysis of Airplane Fuselage Structures for Configuration Shape Optimization, Computers & Structures, Vol. 62, No. 3, pp. 505-519, 1997.
  15. Li, W.-L., and Livne, E. Design Oriented Leading Edge Thrust Force Prediction for Supersonic Lifting Surfaces, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 457-464, July-August 1997.
  16. Livne, E., and Mineau, D., Panel Flutter Constraints: Analytic Sensitivities and Approximations, including Material and Shape Design Variables, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 33, No. 4, pp. 558-568, July-August 1997.
  17. Livne, E., Integrated Aeroservoelastic Optimization: Status and Progress, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 36, No. 1, January-February 1999, pp. 122-145.
  18. Livne, E., The Evolution of the Senior Airplane Design Course at the University of Washington, AIAA Paper 99-0570, AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, Nevada, January 1999.
  19. Shin, Y. and Livne, E., Analytic Shape Sensitivities and Approximations of Global / Local Buckling Constraints in Stressed Skin Structures, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 36, No. 4, July-August 1999, pp. 697-709.
  20. Livne, E., and Navarro, I., Nonlinear Equivalent Plate Modeling of Wing Box Structures, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 36, No. 5, September-October 1999, pp. 851-865.
  21. Livne, E., and Blando, G.D., Design-Oriented static and dynamic Stress Analysis Using Combined Direct and Adjoint Reduced Order Solutions, AIAA Journal, Vol. 38, No. 5, May 2000, pp. 898-909.
  22. Forster, E., and Livne, E., Integrated Design Optimization of Strain Actuated Structures for Dynamic Shape Control, AIAA Paper 2000-1366, 41st AIAA / ASME /ASCE / ASC / AHS Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Atlanta, GA, April 3-6, 2000.
  23. Livne, E., Controlled-Motion Wind Tunnel Models for Unsteady Aerodynamic Loads Identification on Deforming Configurations: A Multidisciplinary Challenge, AIAA Paper 2000-1485, 41st AIAA / ASME /ASCE / ASC / AHS Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Atlanta, GA, April 3-6, 2000.
  24. Livne, E., and Blando, G.D., Design-Oriented Frequency Response of Structural Dynamic Systems using Combined Direct / Adjoint Approximations, AIAA Paper 2000-4756, 8th AIAA / USAF / NASA / ISSMO Symposium on Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, Long Beach, CA, September 6-8, 2000.
  25. Forster, E., and Livne, E., Integrated Structure / Actuation Synthesis of Strain Actuated Devices for Shape Optimization, AIAA-2001-1621, 42nd AIAA / ASME / ASCE / AHS / ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, April 16-19, 2001, Seattle, WA.
  26. Livne, E., Aeroelasticity of Joined-Wing Airplane Configurations: Past Work and Future Challenges, AIAA-2001-1370, 42nd AIAA / ASME / ASCE / AHS / ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, April 16-19, 2001, Seattle, WA.
  27. Engelsen, F., and Livne, E., Design-Oriented Quadratic Stress Failure Constraints for Actively Controlled Structures under Combined Steady and Random Excitation, AIAA Paper 2002-1338, AIAA / ASME / ASCE / AHS / ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Denver, CO., April 2002.
  28. Engelsen, F., and Livne, E., A Design-oriented Mode Acceleration Method for Lyapunov's Equation Based Random Gust Stresses in Aeroservoelastic Optimization, AIAA Paper 2002-1477, AIAA / ASME / ASCE / AHS / ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Denver, CO., April 2002.
  29. Engelsen, F., and Livne, E., Maximum normal-stress and shear-stress constraints for randomly excited multidimensional stresses in aeroservoelastic optimization, AIAA Paper 2002-5525, AIAA Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization Conference, Atlanta, GA, September 2002.
Short Articles
  1. Livne, E., Multidisciplinary Design Optimization - The Year in Review, Aerospace America, December 1994.
  2. Livne, E., Multidisciplinary Design Optimization - The Year in Review, Aerospace America, December 1995.
  3. Livne, E., Special Issue: Multidisciplinary Design Optimization (MDO) of Aerospace Systems, Journal of Aircraft, Vol. 36, No. 1, January-February 1999, pp. 9-10.
Book Chapters
  1. Aeroservoelastic Poles: Their Analytic Sensitivity and Alternative Approximations in Wing Planform Shape Synthesis, in Aeroelasticity and Fluid / Structure Interaction Problems, ASME Press, 1994, P.P.Friedmann and J.C.I. Chang, editors, ISBN 0-7918-1453-X, pp. 99-123.
  2. Aeroservoelastic Shape Synthesis: Background, Progress and Challenges, in Multidisciplinary Optimization State of the Art, N.M.Alexandrov, and M.Y.Hussaini, editors, SIAM, 1997, ISBN 0-89871-359-5, pp. 45-76.
Other Publications
  1. Bar-Itzhack, I.Y., and Livne(Leviner) E., Error Analysis of Inertial Navigation Systems. Part A : Development of Mathematical Models, Technion Contract Report No. 160-219, April 1975.
  2. Bar-Itzhack, I.Y., Livne(Leviner) E., and Goldberg, U., Error Analysis of Inertial Navigation Systems. Part B : Computer Program, Technion Contract Report No. 160-219, August 1975.
  3. Livne, E., Design of External Store Carriage under Fighter Aircraft Wings for increasing Flutter Speed by Minimizing the Response to Gust, MSc Thesis, The Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, June 1982.
  4. Livne, E., Improved Accuracy of Eigenvalue Derivative Calculations using Reduced Structural Models of Rate Feedback Controlled Structures, UCLA School of Engineering and Applied Science Report UCLA-ENG-87-23, July 1987.
  5. Livne, E., An Integrated Approach to the Optimum Design of Actively Controlled Composite Wings, Presented at the Second NASA/ Air Force Symposium on Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Optimization, Hampton, Virginia, September 1988, NASA CP-3031, Part 2, pp. 897-918
  6. Livne, E., Schmit, L.A., and Friedmann, P., Design Oriented Structural Analysis for Fiber Composite Wings, UCLA School of Engineering and Applied Science Report UCLA-ENG-88-36, November 1988.
  7. Livne, E., Schmit, L.A., and Friedmann, P.P., An Integrated Approach to the Optimum Design of Actively Controlled Composite Wings, AIAA Paper No. 89-1268, Presented at the 30th AIAA/ ASME/ ASCE AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Mobile, Alabama, April 3-5,1989.
  8. Livne, E., Schmit, L.A., and Friedmann, P.P., Exploratory Design Studies Using an Integrated Multidisciplinary Synthesis Capability for Actively Controlled Composite Wings, AIAA Paper 90-0953, presented at the 31st Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Long Beach, California, April 1990.
  9. Livne, E., Integrated Multidisciplinary Optimization of Actively Controlled Fiber Composite Wings, Ph.D. dissertation, Mechanical, Aerospace and Nuclear Engineering Department, UCLA, September 1990.
  10. Livne, E., Schmit, L.A., and Friedmann, P., Further Design Experimentation with an Integrated Multidisciplinary Synthesis Capability for Actively Controlled Composite Wings, Third Air Force / NASA Symposium on Recent Advances in Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization September 24 - 26, 1990, San Francisco, CA.
  11. Livne, E., Friedmann, P.P., and Schmit, L.A., Studies in Integrated Aeroservoelastic Optimization of Actively Controlled Composite Wings, AIAA paper No. 91-1098, AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 32nd Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Baltimore, MD, April 1991.
  12. Pak, C., Friedmann, P.P., and Livne, E., Transonic Adaptive Flutter Suppression Using Approximate Unsteady Time Domain Aerodynamics, AIAA paper 91-0986, AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 32nd Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Baltimore, MD, April 1991.
  13. Livne, E., Nonlinear Programming / Approximation Concepts Approach to Integrated Control System / Structural Optimization with Aeroservoelastic Applications: A Review of Recent Developments, COMCON3, The Third International Conference on Advances in Communication and Control, Victoria, B.C., Canada, October 16-18, 1991.
  14. Livne, E., Alternative Approximations for Integrated Control/Structure Aeroservoelastic Synthesis, AIAA paper No. 92-2377, AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 33rd Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Dallas, TX, April 1992.
  15. Livne, E., Recent Developments in Equivalent Plate Modeling for Wing Shape Optimization, AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 34th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, La Jolla, CA, April 1993
  16. Bhatia, K., Sells, R., and Livne, E., Lessons from Application of Equivalent Plate Structural Modeling to the HSCT Wing, AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 34th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, La Jolla, CA, April 1993
  17. Livne, E., Airplane Multidisciplinary Synthesis and Industry / University Relations - Experience and Some Thoughts, Proceedings of the NSF/NASA Multidisciplinary Aircraft Design Workshop, May 5-7, 1993, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA (Haftka, R.T., Grossman, B., and Mason, W.H., editors)
  18. Livne, E., and Li, W-L., Aeroservoelastic Aspects of Wing / Control Surface Planform Shape Optimization, AIAA paper 94-1483, AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 35th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Hilton Head, SC, April 1994.
  19. Livne, E., and Li, W-L., Aeroservoelastic Poles: Their Analytic Sensitivity and Alternative Approximations in Wing Planform Shape Synthesis, Symposium on Aeroelasticity and Fluid / Structure Interaction Problems, ASME Winter Annual Meeting, Chicago, November 1994.
  20. Li, W-L., and Livne, E., Analytic Sensitivities and Approximations in Supersonic and Subsonic Wing / Control Surface Unsteady Aerodynamics, AIAA Paper 95-1219, AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 36th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, New Orleans, April 1995.
  21. Livne, E., and Milosavljevic, R., Analytic Sensitivity and Approximation of Skin Buckling Constraints in Wing Shape Synthesis, AIAA Paper 95-1221, AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC 36th Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, New Orleans, April 1995.
  22. Li, W.-L., and Livne, E. Smooth Leading Edge Suction Force Predictions for Supersonic Wing Planform Shape Optimization, AIAA Paper 96-4171, 6th AIAA/NASA/ISSMO Symposium on Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, Bellevue, WA, September 1996.
  23. Livne, E., and Mineau, D., Panel Flutter Constraints: Analytic Sensitivities and Approximations, including Material and Shape Design Variables, AIAA Paper 96-4172, 6th AIAA/NASA/ISSMO Symposium on Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, Bellevue, WA, September 1996.
  24. Livne, E., Integrated Aeroservoelastic Optimization: Status and Progress, AIAA Paper 97-1409, 28th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Kissimmee, Florida, April 1997.
  25. Shin, Y. and Livne, E., Analytic Shape Sensitivities and Approximations of Global / Local Buckling Constraints in Stressed Skin Structures, AIAA Paper 98-1916, 29th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Long Beach, CA, 1998.
  26. Livne, E., and Navarro, I., Nonlinear Equivalent Plate Modeling of Wing Box Structures, AIAA Paper 99-1234, , 40th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, St. Louis, MO, April, 1999.
  27. Livne, E., The Evolution of the Senior Airplane Design Course at the University of Washington, AIAA Paper 99-0570, AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, Reno, Nevada, January 1999.
  28. Livne, E., and Blando, G.D., Design-Oriented static and dynamic Stress Analysis Using Combined Direct and Adjoint Reduced Order Solutions, CEAS European Aeroelasticity and Structural Dynamics Forum, Williamsburg, Virginia, June 22-25, 1999.